Wikipedia:IPA for German

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) should be applied to represent German language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See German phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of German.

Consonants
IPA Examples
b Ball
ç ich
d dann
f Fass
ɡ Gast
h hat
j ja
k kalt
l Last
m Mast
n Naht
ŋ lang
p Pakt
pf Pfahl
ʁ Rast
s Hast
ʃ schal
t Tal
ts Zahl
Matsch
v was
x Bach
z Hase
ʔ beamtet[1]
([bəˈʔamtət])
Non-native consonants
ð Motherboard[2]
Gin
ɹ Rockband[3]
w Walkman[4]
θ Thread[5]
ʒ Genie
Stress
ˈ Bahnhofstraße
(/ˈbaːnhoːfˌʃtʁaːsə/)
ˌ
Vowels
IPA Examples
stressed and unstressed
a hat
bahn
weit
Haut
Beet
ɛ hätte
ɛː wähle[6]
viel
ɪ bist
Boot
ɔ Post
ɔʏ Heu
øː Öl
œ göttlich
Hut
ʊ Putz
Rübe
ʏ füllt
unstressed only
ɐ Ober
ə halte
Non-native vowels
e Methan
i vital
o Moral
ø Ökonom
u kulant
y Psychologe
ã Pensee[7]
ãː Gourmand[7]
ɛ̃ timbrieren[8]
ɛ̃ː Teint[8]
ɔ̃ Fondue[9]
ɔ̃ː Fond[9]
œ̃ Lundist[10]
œ̃ː Parfum[10]
Marginal vowels
ɔː Walkman[11]
ʌ Motherboard[12]
Semivowels
IPA Examples
ɐ̯ Uhr
Studie
aktuell

  1. ^ Often not indicated at the beginning of a word, although all apparently vowel-initial words in German actually begin with [ʔ].
  2. ^ Many German speakers replace [ð] with [z].
  3. ^ Many German speakers replace [ɹ] with [ʁ].
  4. ^ Many German speakers replace [w] with [v].
  5. ^ Many German speakers replace [θ] with [s].
  6. ^ Often replaced by [eː]
  7. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [aŋ].
  8. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [ɛŋ].
  9. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [ɔŋ].
  10. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [œŋ].
  11. ^ Many German speakers replace [ɔː] with [ɔ] or [oː].
  12. ^ Many German speakers replace [ʌ] with [a].

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